After a long work we saw that L-Cystine in Semen hyper-viscosity management is significant enough. Especially L-Cystine in semen hyper viscosity management is valuable when you need to preserve the sperm from hyper-viscous semen.
Semen coagulation
Immediately after ejaculation semen coagulates. It is a normal phenomenon. The reason behind instant coagulation is not very clear. The probable reason behind coagulation are —-
- Protection of sperm in a foreign environment.
- Allowing the time to adjust the pH of vagina for survival of sperm.
- Permitting female reproductive system some time to not reject sperm as foreign body.
- Permitting a rest period to sperm before working aggressively in other person body.
- Another concept getting ground – sperm competitiveness in case of polyandrous.
Semenogelins are the major proteins found in semen and are involved in creating a scaffold which traps spermatozoa to make coagulam.
Semen Liquefaction
In most of the case semen liquefy within a period of 10 to 30 minute. The enzymes responsible for liquefaction are proteolytic enzymes secreted by the seminal vesicles. Liquefaction of semen is important for —
- Motility of sperm .
- Nutrition to the sperm.
- Allowing sperm to cross the mucous plug of cervix.
- May help to gain the power of capacitation .
Semen Hyper-Viscosity (SHV)
Semen with high consistency can not be processed in regular manner for Intra uterine insemination.
In vivo, if semen liquefaction is delayed, the sperm are not discharged in expected number to fertilize the egg. In case of delay liquefaction of semen, some seminal peptides can affect the sperm adversely. And sperm can be immobile, sluggish and even sperm can be incapable to fertilize egg.
In general semen hyper-viscosity is found in 10 to 22 % of individuals. In case of male infertility rate of hyper-viscosity is as high as 26%. It has been noticed that Semen hyper-viscosity influence unfavorably the result of IUI and controlled ovarian hyper-stimulation. But it does not influence ICSI.
How to detect Hyper Viscous Semen (HVS)
Semen which do not liquefy following an hour are hyper viscous semen. And the phenomena is called Semen Hyper Viscosity (SHV). Semen hyper viscosity is tested by drawing the semen in a pasture pipette and allowing to drop out. Typically, the semen should come out in discrete drop. In case drops of semen are not coming out one by one, a thread of semen will shape. Seminal thread longer than 2 cm indicate semen hyper-viscosity and poor liquefaction of semen (viscosipathy).
Another straightforward strategy is to mix the semen with a glass or plastic rod (stirrer) following an hour of discharge. Take out the glass or plastic rod slowly. If there is thread of more than 2 cm even after 60 minute of ejaculation, semen is hyper-viscous.
Semen Hyper-Viscosity Management
Numerous technique have been utilized to process Semen Hyper-Viscosity (SVH) with suspicious success –
- Diluting the semen and passing through hypodermic needle.
- Enzymatic digestion by Bromelain or Chymotryipsin or Hylase
- Diluting the semen with IUI medium and incubation for 30 minutes
- Mucolytic agents – Amylase, Dithiothreitol, Dornase
- Others – Antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, steroids etc.
All above said technique has been utilized with controversies and variable achievement. Mechanical technique, such as passing the semen through needle, can seriously harm the sperm especially its tail. Enzymes and mucolytic agents should be removed as quickly as time permits. Else it can influence the cell wall and other capacity of sperm.
L-Cystine & Semen Hyper-Viscosity (SVH)
We obtained the L-cystine from SRL Laboratory. L-cystine is an oxidized dimer of cysteine. It’s a semi essential amino acid and more stable than cysteine. It can bounce back to cysteine upon necessity. We selected L-cystine because of its stable nature and its convertibility to active compound L-cysteine. Furthermore L-cystine is sparingly soluble in water.
Stock solution of L-cystine — A 5 milli Mole solution of L-Cystine was prepared with the help of TRIS buffer and NaCl. We adjusted the pH of solution at 7.4. Here it is worth to mention that all L-cystine could not be dissolved. Other solution was prepared by adding required amount of L-Cystine + TRIS solution (stock solution)
Solution – 1 Sperm washing media with 25 micro mol of L-cystine
Solution – 2 Sperm washing media with 50 micro mol of L-cystine
Solution – 3 Sperm washing media with 75 micro mol of L-cystine
Solution – 4 Sperm washing media with 100 micro mol of L-cystine
We selected total 8 semen sample with high viscosity (SHV). 0.5 ml of L-cystine solution was added — mixed — kept in incubator for 30 minutes. Out of 8 sample hyper-viscosity reduced. Semen was processed further with density gradient (Den – 1) and a good recovery was noted. In one sample viscosity could not be reduced, hence not processed.
Next time the experiment was repeated in different way with 6 hyper-viscous semen sample. With each hyper-viscous semen sample 2 ml of sperm washing medium (Enhance) and 0.5 ml of L-cystine stock solution was added — mixed — kept in incubator for 30 minutes. Viscosity converted to almost normal. Further the samples was processed in almost normal way.
In the next step the experiment was continued with Sperm washing media (Enhance) and different concentration of L-cystine.
On first experimental day, we selected 8 hyper viscous sample. Which was not liquefying within 60 minutes of ejaculation. The sample was divided in two parts (A & B) in almost equal quantity. Part A was kept as control and mixed only with sperm washing media (Enhance). Part B was mixed with Solution – 1 . Sample + solution mixed gently with pasture pipette. We placed all sample in incubator at 32 degree C for 30 minutes.
We used different solution on different day. We tried to have same semen sample of same person. But all the time it was not possible. Therefore we opted for another person semen , whenever possible. Somewhere we failed to obtain of collect semen, hence indicated by — xx.
Solution – 1 Sperm washing media with 25 micro mole of L-cystine
| Sr. No. | Hyper viscous sample | Liquefaction status Part – A | Liquefaction status Part – B |
| 1 | Sample – 1 | Liquefied | Liquefied |
| 2 | Sample – 2 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 3 | Sample – 3 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 4 | Sample – 4 — xx | xx | xx |
| 5 | Sample – 5 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 6 | Sample – 6 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 7 | Sample – 7 | Not liquefied | Not liquefied |
| 8 | Sample – 8 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
Solution – 2
Sperm washing media with 50 micro mole of L-cystine
| Sr. No. | Hyper viscous sample | Liquefaction status Part – A | Liquefaction status Part – B |
| 1 | Sample – 1 | Liquefied | Liquefied |
| 2 | Sample – 2 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 3 | Sample – 3 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 4 | Sample – 4 — xx | xx | xx |
| 5 | Sample – 5 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 6 | Sample – 6 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 7 | Sample – 7 | Not liquefied | Not liquefied |
| 8 | Sample – 8 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
Solution – 3
Sperm washing media with 75 micro mole of L-cystine
| Sr. No. | Hyper viscous sample | Liquefaction status Part – A | Liquefaction status Part – B |
| 1 | Sample – 1 | Liquefied | Liquefied |
| 2 | Sample – 2 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 3 | Sample – 3 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 4 | Sample – 4 — xx | xx | xx |
| 5 | Sample – 5 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 6 | Sample – 6 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 7 | Sample – 7 | Not liquefied | Not liquefied |
| 8 | Sample – 8 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
Solution –4
Sperm washing media with 100 micro mole of L-cystine
| Sr. No. | Hyper viscous sample | Liquefaction status Part – A | Liquefaction status Part – B |
| 1 | Sample – 1 | Liquefied | Liquefied |
| 2 | Sample – 2 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 3 | Sample – 3 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 4 | Sample – 4 — xx | xx | xx |
| 5 | Sample – 5 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 6 | Sample – 6 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
| 7 | Sample – 7 | Not liquefied | Not liquefied |
| 8 | Sample – 8 | Not liquefied | Liquefied |
Discussion — L-Cystine at and above the concentration of 50 micro mole is effective enough to liquefy the hyper viscous semen. It is our assumption that 50 micro mole is a low does and it won’t influence sperm in any capacity. Furthermore L-cystine is not having any property which can affect cell membrane of sperm. With this assumption just we attempted to cryo-preserve the sperm of liquefied semen. Surprisingly we noticed improved post thaw recovery. The reason behind it seems to be cryo-protective effect of L-Cystine. L-Cystine may also have some membrane stabilizing effect on human sperm.
Conclusion — Addition of very low dose of L-Cystine (50 micro mole) looks beneficial for semen liquefaction, particularly in case of semen hyper viscosity management. The dose of the L-cystine is so less, It seems that 50 micro mole of L-Cystine is safe for sperm with sperm washing medium.
Conflict of interest —- Till now we did not observed any conflict on the topic “Semen liquefaction and L-Cystine in Semen Hyper-viscosity management”.
Acknowledgements — Frozen Cell Team is in a nonstop procedure to find out an ideal media to process and preserve human sperm. We are in an undertaking to find a better strategy to process and preserve human sperm by various procedure.
Funding — Frozen Cell do not accept any fund from any outside source. 100% funded by Frozen Cell.
Limitations — We work with basic equipments. Therefore not able to give more advance data.
Ref –
- Shackled sperm by Vivienne Baillie Gerritsen
- Medical Electronic Systems Service and Support Updates
- J. Lukac and E. Koren, Laboratory for Experimental Medicine, Yugoslavia
- Elia and co-workers
Thanks for every one of your effort on this blog. My mother enjoys working on internet research and it’s simple to grasp why. I notice all about the lively method you convey useful tips and tricks on your web site and even welcome participation from some others on this situation while my child is without a doubt understanding a great deal. Take pleasure in the remaining portion of the new year. You have been doing a fantastic job.
I simply desired to thank you so much all over again. I’m not certain what I might have tried without the smart ideas shown by you over such a situation. It had become a real horrifying setting for me personally, however , taking note of this expert technique you solved that made me to cry over joy. Now i am happier for this service and hope that you find out what an amazing job you are always carrying out instructing others thru your web site. I am certain you’ve never come across any of us.
My spouse and i ended up being quite fulfilled Chris could carry out his web research with the ideas he got out of the web page. It’s not at all simplistic to simply always be releasing key points which the others may have been selling. We really figure out we now have you to appreciate for this. The type of illustrations you have made, the straightforward web site menu, the friendships your site help to foster – it’s all astonishing, and it’s letting our son in addition to us believe that that concept is thrilling, and that is seriously mandatory. Thanks for everything!
Thanks so much for giving everyone an extremely memorable possiblity to read articles and blog posts from here. It’s always very superb and as well , packed with fun for me personally and my office friends to search your blog at least three times in one week to read through the newest guidance you have got. And lastly, I’m so always impressed for the remarkable pointers you serve. Selected 2 points in this posting are clearly the most beneficial I’ve ever had.
Thanks a lot for providing individuals with an exceptionally terrific chance to discover important secrets from this site. It’s always so lovely plus stuffed with a great time for me personally and my office mates to visit your web site a minimum of thrice per week to read through the newest guidance you have got. Not to mention, I’m also actually impressed with your stunning methods you give. Selected 2 facts on this page are rather the simplest we have all ever had.
I want to point out my gratitude for your generosity giving support to folks who need help with that area. Your special dedication to getting the message all around came to be unbelievably valuable and have all the time empowered somebody like me to arrive at their desired goals. Your amazing insightful facts denotes so much to me and a whole lot more to my colleagues. Thanks a lot; from all of us.
I just wanted to develop a brief note to be able to appreciate you for some of the amazing hints you are posting on this site. My rather long internet research has at the end been paid with good quality facts and strategies to exchange with my best friends. I ‘d claim that most of us website visitors actually are really blessed to exist in a fine community with many special individuals with very helpful things. I feel truly privileged to have used your entire webpage and look forward to so many more thrilling moments reading here. Thanks again for all the details.
I must voice my love for your generosity for visitors who should have guidance on your niche. Your personal commitment to getting the solution all through had become incredibly significant and has consistently encouraged folks just like me to achieve their objectives. Your entire helpful key points indicates a great deal a person like me and extremely more to my mates. Regards; from everyone of us.
I have to voice my respect for your kindness supporting folks that really need assistance with this important area of interest. Your very own dedication to getting the message throughout was surprisingly functional and have without exception helped many people much like me to attain their desired goals. Your amazing interesting help implies much to me and further more to my mates. Many thanks; from each one of us.
I wanted to compose you one little bit of remark so as to thank you so much yet again about the remarkable information you have contributed in this article. It has been simply shockingly open-handed of you to offer unreservedly exactly what a number of people could have offered for an ebook in order to make some cash for their own end, particularly considering the fact that you could have tried it if you decided. These things in addition served to become a easy way to fully grasp most people have similar interest the same as mine to grasp a whole lot more pertaining to this problem. I think there are thousands of more enjoyable periods in the future for folks who look over your website.
I’m also writing to make you know what a excellent experience my daughter found browsing the blog. She realized lots of things, most notably how it is like to possess a great teaching mood to make men and women without hassle learn about certain problematic topics. You truly surpassed people’s expected results. Thanks for showing the warm and friendly, healthy, revealing as well as cool thoughts on the topic to Janet.
I would like to show some appreciation to this writer just for bailing me out of this type of instance. Right after searching throughout the the web and seeing proposals that were not beneficial, I figured my life was done. Being alive without the approaches to the problems you’ve resolved by means of the report is a serious case, and those that would have negatively damaged my career if I hadn’t come across the website. Your personal know-how and kindness in handling almost everything was very helpful. I am not sure what I would have done if I hadn’t come across such a point like this. I can at this point relish my future. Thank you so much for the high quality and sensible guide. I will not be reluctant to suggest the sites to any person who would need counselling on this subject.
I simply wanted to appreciate you again. I do not know what I would have undertaken without the hints documented by you over such situation. It actually was a frustrating setting for me, nevertheless observing the well-written mode you handled that forced me to jump over fulfillment. I will be happy for your guidance and even pray you comprehend what a powerful job that you’re putting in instructing people today through the use of your webpage. More than likely you haven’t encountered any of us.
Its like you read my mind! You seem to know a lot about this, like you wrote the book in it or something. I think that you can do with a few pics to drive the message home a bit, but instead of that, this is fantastic blog. A fantastic read. I will definitely be back. eaefkkkbfddc
I have to get across my admiration for your kind-heartedness in support of all those that require help on this one issue. Your real dedication to passing the message up and down was extremely functional and have constantly made professionals like me to arrive at their aims. Your amazing invaluable tutorial implies so much a person like me and much more to my colleagues. Best wishes; from all of us.
Thank you a lot for providing individuals with an extraordinarily splendid possiblity to read articles and blog posts from this site. It’s usually so terrific and jam-packed with a good time for me and my office fellow workers to visit your site at a minimum thrice in 7 days to read through the fresh items you will have. And definitely, I’m always pleased with the incredible knowledge served by you. Certain two tips on this page are absolutely the finest we have all had.
You must participate in a contest for one of the best blogs on the web. I’ll suggest this web site!
I simply want to mention I’m very new to blogs and absolutely liked your page. More than likely I’m planning to bookmark your site . You definitely come with fabulous well written articles. Thanks a bunch for sharing with us your website.
Nice post. I was checking continuously this blog and I
am impressed! Extremely useful information specifically the last part 🙂
I care for such information much. I was seeking this
certain info for a long time. Thank you and good luck.
I wish to express my thanks to this writer just for bailing me out of this issue. Just after exploring through the internet and coming across ideas that were not productive, I assumed my entire life was gone. Existing without the solutions to the issues you’ve solved by way of this article is a serious case, and those which might have negatively affected my entire career if I hadn’t discovered your site. Your good expertise and kindness in handling everything was very useful. I don’t know what I would have done if I had not discovered such a stuff like this. I am able to at this point look ahead to my future. Thanks for your time very much for this impressive and sensible help. I will not hesitate to refer your blog post to anyone who wants and needs guide on this matter.
Thank you so much for giving everyone remarkably brilliant chance to read articles and blog posts from this web site. It really is so pleasurable and packed with fun for me and my office fellow workers to visit your website no less than three times weekly to read the newest tips you will have. And of course, I am at all times fulfilled with your excellent knowledge you serve. Selected two facts in this posting are easily the most beneficial I have ever had.
I really wanted to make a small note in order to thank you for the magnificent facts you are writing at this site. My time-consuming internet lookup has finally been rewarded with reasonable tips to exchange with my best friends. I ‘d say that most of us site visitors actually are rather fortunate to be in a decent community with so many special professionals with very helpful principles. I feel extremely fortunate to have used your webpage and look forward to plenty of more excellent minutes reading here. Thanks a lot once more for all the details.
I actually wanted to develop a quick word so as to express gratitude to you for the amazing hints you are writing at this website. My rather long internet look up has at the end of the day been rewarded with good concept to write about with my close friends. I would claim that we website visitors actually are very lucky to dwell in a notable place with so many perfect professionals with great hints. I feel really privileged to have discovered your weblog and look forward to really more fun times reading here. Thanks a lot again for everything.
I want to show some appreciation to you just for rescuing me from this type of crisis. Right after exploring throughout the search engines and obtaining strategies which were not beneficial, I assumed my life was over. Existing without the presence of strategies to the difficulties you’ve fixed all through your entire website is a serious case, and the ones that could have badly affected my entire career if I had not encountered the website. Your main natural talent and kindness in touching the whole thing was useful. I’m not sure what I would’ve done if I had not come upon such a solution like this. I’m able to at this moment relish my future. Thanks so much for this professional and sensible help. I won’t hesitate to endorse your blog post to any person who should have guidance about this subject.
I simply desired to say thanks yet again. I do not know the things that I would’ve implemented without those concepts shown by you regarding such theme. It was a real alarming concern in my position, but seeing a expert avenue you dealt with that took me to cry for gladness. Extremely happier for this help as well as trust you recognize what an amazing job you happen to be doing teaching some other people through a site. I know that you have never met any of us.
I wanted to compose you this very little word to finally thank you very much the moment again for all the incredible tricks you’ve documented in this case. It’s so extremely open-handed of you to convey publicly exactly what a lot of folks could have marketed for an e-book to help make some cash for themselves, most importantly since you might well have done it if you considered necessary. These inspiring ideas likewise worked to provide a good way to be aware that other individuals have the same eagerness just like my very own to know a great deal more around this issue. Certainly there are lots of more pleasurable sessions up front for those who find out your site.
I would like to express my love for your generosity giving support to persons who require help with this particular question. Your personal commitment to getting the solution up and down was extraordinarily insightful and have regularly encouraged those just like me to realize their goals. Your personal interesting help and advice indicates a whole lot a person like me and still more to my peers. With thanks; from all of us.
I precisely wanted to thank you so much once again. I’m not certain the things that I would’ve accomplished without those strategies provided by you relating to such a topic. Previously it was a real alarming condition in my position, nevertheless discovering the expert form you solved that made me to jump with contentment. I’m just happy for the support and even trust you find out what a great job that you are undertaking teaching the mediocre ones with the aid of your blog. I know that you have never got to know all of us.
I am just writing to let you know what a nice encounter my wife’s girl found studying your web page. She came to find lots of pieces, most notably what it is like to have a marvelous coaching character to have the rest easily comprehend various multifaceted matters. You truly surpassed my expected results. Many thanks for imparting such invaluable, dependable, explanatory not to mention unique tips on that topic to Gloria.
I simply had to say thanks once more. I am not sure what I might have done without the type of aspects contributed by you concerning my question. It absolutely was a traumatic issue in my circumstances, but being able to see your well-written strategy you managed that forced me to cry over gladness. I’m just happier for this help and even wish you know what a powerful job that you are carrying out educating others by way of your blog. I am certain you have never encountered all of us.
Thank you for all your valuable hard work on this blog. My mum delights in participating in investigation and it is easy to understand why. A lot of people hear all about the lively medium you create insightful thoughts through your website and even inspire participation from other individuals on that subject while my princess has been becoming educated so much. Take advantage of the remaining portion of the year. You’re carrying out a powerful job.
I in addition to my friends came following the excellent key points from your web site and so then developed a horrible suspicion I had not thanked the blog owner for those techniques. All the young men are already certainly joyful to read all of them and have simply been loving those things. Appreciation for simply being considerably thoughtful as well as for considering certain really good information most people are really desirous to be informed on. Our sincere apologies for not expressing gratitude to you sooner.
Thank you for all of your labor on this website. My mother enjoys making time for internet research and it’s really simple to grasp why. A number of us notice all about the dynamic form you present precious ideas by means of this website and therefore increase response from people on the area of interest plus my daughter is truly being taught a great deal. Enjoy the rest of the year. You are performing a pretty cool job.
Thanks so much for giving everyone such a nice opportunity to read articles and blog posts from this web site. It’s always so good plus packed with a lot of fun for me personally and my office fellow workers to search your blog at a minimum 3 times weekly to read through the new stuff you have got. And lastly, I’m actually motivated considering the cool inspiring ideas you give. Some 1 ideas in this post are in fact the most efficient we have had.
Greetings, I do think your web site may be having browser compatibility problems. Whenever I look at your web site in Safari, it looks fine however, if opening in IE, it has some overlapping issues. I merely wanted to provide you with a quick heads up! Other than that, great website!
Like!! Really appreciate you sharing this blog post.Really thank you! Keep writing.